Dynamic evolution and regional differences of sustainable development in Jiziwan of the Yellow River
Received date: 2021-04-19
Revised date: 2021-08-05
Online published: 2022-04-02
In Jiziwan (n-shape bent) region of the Yellow River in China, the contradiction between resource and environmental protection and economic development has become more prominent. The human-land relationship has also become more tense, requiring a sustainable development road. Mastering the status quo of its sustainable development level is the foundation of the region’s sustainable development. Therefore, this paper constructed an evaluation index system for sustainable development to scientifically measure its sustainable development level. Aiming at the geographical advantages of Jiziwan of the Yellow River, we incorporated innovation and opening to the outside world into the sustainable development index system, besides the following dimensions: economic strength, society and people’s livelihood, and ecological environment. Based on panel data from 2009 to 2019 of the 20 cities in Jiziwan of the Yellow River, we employed the entropy method to estimate the sustainable development level. On this basis, we used the Kernel density estimation method and GIS technology to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution features. Additionally, we employed the Dagum Gini coefficient method to analyze regional differences. The results are as follows. (1) The sustainable development level of Jiziwan of the Yellow River shows a fluctuating upward trend from 2009 to 2019. The region’s average comprehensive level score increases from 0.405 to 0.419. However, the sustainable development level of the 20 cities is generally low, with an average comprehensive level score of 0.428. Additionally, the average annual score increase of the five dimensions: economic strength, society and people’s livelihood, ecological environment, innovation, and opening to the outside world, are 0.72%、1.90%、0.87%、-0.10%、-1.42%, respectively. (2) The spatial distribution of the sustainable development level is not balanced and shows the distribution features of “high value in the northern area and low value in the southern area”. Specifically, cities with higher comprehensive level scores are mainly located in Inner Mongolia, such as Ordos and Baotou City. Conversely, cities with lower-level scores are mainly located in the Gansu Province, Shanxi Province, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. From the evolution perspective, the sustainable development level of 45.00% of the cities has improved, and the overall trend is in a healthy evolution. (3) From the regional difference perspective, the average value of the overall Gini coefficient decreases from 0.139 in 2009 to 0.118 in 2019 and shows a downward trend of “decline-up-decline” fluctuations. This shows that the regional differences in Jiziwan of the Yellow River are shrinking. Meanwhile, the inter-regional differences account for a large proportion of the overall differences, indicating obvious reverse symmetry with intra-regional differences. The results of the study can provide policy suggestions for the sustainable development of Jiziwan of the Yellow River and further advance the coordinated development of the Yellow River Basin.
Lingwei LI , Yongping BAI , Xuedi YANG , Chunyue ZHANG , Jianshe LIANG , Qian WANG . Dynamic evolution and regional differences of sustainable development in Jiziwan of the Yellow River[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022 , 45(2) : 639 -649 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.179
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