为探讨尉犁县土地利用功能转型及其生态环境效应,利用1993、2001、2009、2017年4期TM影像数据解译获取土地利用变化数据,按照“三生”功能分类,通过面积加权法、土地利用转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数等方法,定量分析尉犁县土地利用功能数量变化、土地利用功能转型及其引致的生态环境效应。结果表明：（1） 1993—2017年,生产用地和生活用地持续增加,生态用地总体减少;土地利用功能转型中转入转出面积最大的是牧草生态用地,其次为其他生态用地,城镇生活用地转入转出面积最小。（2） 尉犁县生态环境质量指数,由1993年的0.07629减至2001年的0.06378,随后持续增至2017年的0.07339,整体生态环境质量有所恶化,但处于慢慢恢复改善状态。（3） 其他生态用地转入湿地生态用地和牧草生态用地是生态环境质量改善的主要原因,相反,其他生态用地和农业生产用地对牧草生态用地的占用则是生态环境质量恶化的主要原因。总体来看,过去25 a尉犁县生态环境恶化和改善趋势并存,但其改善趋势大于其恶化趋势。

Presently, based on the production-living-ecological function, the regional understanding of the transformation of land use function and the research results on eco-environmental effects in northwest eco-environmentally vulnerable areas of China remain relatively rare. Accordingly, this paper attempts to reveal the impact of land use function transformation on the ecological environment, hoping to provide a reference for promoting the rational allocation of regional land resources and guide the sustainable development of ecologically vulnerable areas to help construct an ecological civilization. We used thematic mapper image data from 1993, 2001, 2009, and 2017 to obtain land use change data of Yuli County, Xinjiang, China. According to the production-living-ecological function classification, we quantitatively analyzed the land use function change, land use function transformation, and the ecological impact in Yuli County using an area weighting method, land use transfer matrix, eco-environmental quality index, and ecological contribution rate of land use function transformation, among other methods. The results demonstrated the following: (1) From 1993 to 2017, both the area of production land and that of living land continued to increase, and the ecological land decreased as a whole. According to the transformation of land use function, the largest transfer-out area was grassland ecological land, followed by other ecological lands, whereas the urban living land was the smallest such area. (2) The ecological environment quality index of Yuli County decreased from 0.07629 in 1993 to 0.06378 in 2001, after which it continued to increase to 0.07339 in 2017. The overall ecological environment quality deteriorated but then entered a state of gradual recovery and improvement. (3) The transfer of other ecological lands with low ecological environment quality index to wetland ecological land and forage ecological land was the dominant factor in the improvement of ecological environment quality. By contrast, the occupation of forage ecological land by other ecological land and agricultural production land was the dominant factor in the deterioration of environmental quality. Generally speaking, over the past 25 years, trends of ecological environment deterioration and improvement have coexisted, although the trend of improvement has been stronger than that of deterioration.