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2019 , Vol. 42 >Issue 5: 1205 - 1212

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.05.26

区域发展

乌昌地区基本公共服务失配度时空格局演化及影响因素分析

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  • 1 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐830011； 2 中国科学院大学，北京100049
钟佳利（1992-），女，四川遂宁人，在读硕士，主要从事区域可持续发展与规划研究. E-mail:zhongjiali16@mails.ucas.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2019-02-17

  修回日期: 2019-06-07

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（41571159）

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Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of basic public service mismatch in Urumqi Changji Region

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  • 1 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Received date: 2019-02-17

  Revised date: 2019-06-07

  Online published: 2019-09-19

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摘要

通过将基本公共服务作为一种民生资源，从失配视角研究其配置问题，运用熵值法和健康距离模型，分析乌昌地区2007—2016年基本公共服务失配度时空格局及其影响因素，为推进乌昌地区基本公共服务均等化建设提供决策依据。研究发现：乌昌地区8个市县基本公共服务失配度的平均值逐渐减小，2007年为0.759，属于高度失配，2016年为0.573，属于低度失配；2007年高度失配市县占比高达87.5%，2016年，基本公共服务配置较高、高度失配的市县占比仅为25%，整体上各市县基本公共服务状态有所提高，但2016年基本公共服务失配市县占比仍高达75%，说明乌昌地区仍有较多市县基本公共服务不协调。时间上，基本公共服务失配度演化主要经历3个阶段：高度失配主导阶段（2007—2011年）、失配度下降过渡阶段（2012—2014年）和中度失配主导阶段（2015—2016年）。空间上，基本公共服务失配度由均衡高度失配逐渐演进成不均衡中低度失配，并呈现出“核心、两翼”格局，“两翼”基本公共服务大多处于高度失配和较高度失配状态，而“核心”则一直处于良好或优秀状态，在变化趋势上，失配度由“核心”向“两翼”逐渐变化，离“核心”越近的市县基本公共服务失配度越早呈现下降趋势。

关键词： ; font-size:10.5pt; ">乌昌地区; 基本公共服务; 失配度; 时空格局; 影响因素

本文引用格式

钟佳利, 杨德刚, 霍金炜 . 乌昌地区基本公共服务失配度时空格局演化及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019 , 42(5) : 1205 -1212 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.05.26

Abstract

Basic public services are the basic needs for the survival and development of citizens.As the core area of Xinjiang,China and the important node in the Silk Road,Urumqi-Changji region is an important gateway for the development of China’s economy to the west and a window for foreign cultural exchanges.Accelerating the construction of basic public services that are suitable for the level of economic and social development is of great significance to promoting the coordinated development of Urumqi-Changji region and achieving the overall goal of social stability and long-term stability in Xinjiang.This paper regards basic public services as a living resource and studies its configuration problem from the perspective of mismatch,using the entropy method and healthy distance model to study the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of basic public service mismatch in Urumqi-Changji region from 2007 to 2016.The research results can provide basis for further promoting the equalization of basic public services in Urumqi-Changji region.We discovered that the average degree of mismatch of basic public services is found to be significantly reduced.It was 0.759 in 2007,which is a high degree of mismatch,and it became 0.573 in 2016,which indicated a low mismatch.In 2007,the proportion of cities and counties with a high degree of mismatch was 87.5%,while in 2016,the proportion of cities and counties with high basic public service but yet higher mismatch was only 25%.Overall,the basic public service status of cities and counties has improved,but the proportion of basic public service mismatches in 2016 was still as high as 75%,indicating that there are still many cities and counties in Urumqi-Changji region where the basic public services are not coordinated.In the aspect of time,the mismatch includes three phases,the highly mismatch dominated stage (2007—2011) when the proportion of the cities and counties with a high degree of mismatch was much higher,the mismatch decline stage (2012—2014) when there were a mixture of various mismatch status such as high degree of mismatch,higher mismatch,moderate mismatch,and low mismatch mixed exist in this stage,and the moderate mismatch stage (2015—2016) when the proportion of moderately mismatched cities and counties was relatively large;The basic public service configuration was gradually improved,but the overall mismatch degree was not good.From the space’s perspective,the spatial pattern change of the mismatch displayed a trend from balanced high mismatch to unbalanced low to medium mismatch,and gradually formed a “Bird” pattern where the “The Wings” represented the situations when the basic public services were mostly in a high degree of mismatch or higher degree of mismatch,while the “Core” represented a good or excellent condition regarding the mismatch.On the change trend,from the “Core” to the “The Wings” the mismatch was gradually changed,and the closer to the “Core”,the earlier the declining trend started.In terms of the indicators,the influencing factors included mainly the proportion of general education schools,the number of hospitals per 10 thousands people,the number of health technicians in health centers,the number of public vehicles per capita,the per capita natural gas supply,the number of Internet users per million people,and the actual development macro conditions.These indicator factors reflect to some extent that the improvement of public service facilities is closely related to macro factors in the urbanization and economy development.

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