地表过程研究

塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒流沙前缘与绿洲内部近地面逆温逆湿特征研究

展开
  • 1 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院/新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐8300542 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐8300113 乌鲁木齐职业大学应用工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐8300024 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆策勒848300
毛东雷(1975-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事风沙气象及荒漠化防治研究. E-mail:donglei6325@sina.com

收稿日期: 2018-12-12

  修回日期: 2019-02-09

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-18

基金资助

教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJAZH064);新疆师范大学“十三五”校级重点学科地理学招标课题(17SDKD0701);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2016I035)

Characteristics of air temperature inversion and relative humidity inversion between the near ground surface in the oasis and the leading edge of shifting sandy land of Cele in the southern margin of Taklimakan Desert

Expand
  • 1 College of Geography Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University/The Key Laboratory“Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone”,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China; 2 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China; 3 College of Application Engineering,Urumqi Vocational University,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China; 4 Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang,Cele 848300,Xinjiang,China

Received date: 2018-12-12

  Revised date: 2019-02-09

  Online published: 2019-09-18

摘要

利用新疆策勒流沙前缘及绿洲内部的野外气象观测数据,运用同步对比与统计分析方法,分析塔克拉玛干沙漠流沙前缘及绿洲内部近地表0.5 m和2 m高度之间逆温逆湿特征,揭示不同时期、典型天气状况下的逆温逆湿特征,为沙漠与绿洲内部的热量和水汽运移交换提供理论依据。结果表明:流沙前缘月平均相对湿度最大值出现在10月,最小值出现在4月,气温最高出现在8月,最低出现在1月。2011年7月逆温逆湿强度最大,逆湿日数占总逆湿日数的38.71%,逆温日数占总逆温日数的3.76%。逆温时间集中在傍晚19:00至上午10:00之间,逆湿出现在上午10:00至晚上21:00之间。绿洲内部月最低气温出现在2011年1月,最高气温出现在2011年7月,相对湿度最小值出现在2011年4月,最大值(74.91%)出现在2010年9月。最强逆温逆湿现象出现在2010年的11月,平均日温差3.48 ℃,垂直高度湿差达2.27%。总体上,在流沙前缘与绿洲内部,冬季的相对湿度整体上大于夏季的相对湿度,而气温整体上表现为夏季高冬季低,同一高度的温度与湿度呈现较好的负相关性。在4种典型天气情况下,流沙前缘与绿洲内部出现的温湿度变化和逆温逆湿特征变化趋势基本一样,但出现的时间上基本存在绿洲内部提前流沙前缘滞后的现象,但在晴天和扬沙天气下,逆湿在流沙地出现的时间提前而流沙前缘滞后。绿洲内部出现的逆温逆湿持续时间一般比流沙地持续的时间较长。

本文引用格式

毛东雷, 蔡富艳, 李新国, 雷加强, 来风兵, 薛杰 . 塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒流沙前缘与绿洲内部近地面逆温逆湿特征研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019 , 42(5) : 976 -985 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.05.02

Abstract

The study of the characteristics of nearsurface inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the quicksand front and the oasis provides a basis for the transfer of heat and vapor between the desert and its inner oasis. Utilizing the method of synchronous contrast and statistical analysis, this paper investigated the characteristics of inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the height of 0.5 m and 2 m near the ground surface between the quicksand frontier and the inner oasis of Cele County, Xinjiang, China based on the field observation data. The results show that the average monthly relative humidity in the quicksand frontier hit the maximum value in October, and the minimum in April. The highest temperature appeared in August and the lowest in January. In July 2011, the intensity of inverse temperature and humidity was the highest, and the number of inverse humidity days in this month was accounted for 38.71% of the total inverse humidity days. The number of inverse temperature days was accounted for 3.76% of the total temperature inversion days. The temperature inversion time was between 19:00 PM and 10:00 AM next morning, the inverse humidity appeared between 10:00 AM. and 21:00 PM. From the month perspective, the lowest temperature in the oasis occurred in January 2011,the highest in July 2011.The minimum relative humidity occurred in April 2011.The maximum relative humidity appeared in September 2010 with the value being 74.91%.The strongest inverse temperature and inverse humidity appeared in November 2010,with an average daily temperature difference of 3.48℃ and a high humidity difference of 2.27%.In general, between the leading edge of the quicksand and the inner oasis, the relative humidity in winter is greater than the relative humidity in summer, while the temperature is high in summer and low in winter. The air temperature and humidity at the same height showed a good negative correlation. In the four typical weather conditions, the temperature and humidity changes shared the same pattern as the change characteristics of the inverse temperature and inverse humidity between the quicksand frontier and the inner oasis, but the changes happened first in the oasis followed by the shifting sandy land. However, in the conditions of cloudy weather and blowing sand weather, the inverse humidity happened first in the shifting sandy land followed by the inner oasis, and the last time for inverse temperature and inverse humidity in the oasis is primarily longer than that in shifting sandy land.

参考文献

[1]黄景,徐伟萍,金小城.台州低空逆温层特征分析[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(2):113-118.[HUANG Jing,XU Weiping,JIN Xiaocheng.Characteristics analysis of low-altitude temperature inversion layer over Taizhou[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2016,39(2):113-118.] [2]曲绍厚,胡非,李亚秋,等.北冰洋及其邻近海域极昼期间大气边界层结构特征试验研究[J].物理学报,2002,45(1):8-16.[QU Shaohou,HU Fei,LI Yaqiu,et al.Experiment research on the characteristics of ABL structure over the arctic ocean and adjacent sea area during the polar day period[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,45(1):8-16.] [3]王敏仲,魏文寿,何清,等.南疆沙漠腹地夏季晴天与沙尘日小气候观测对比分析[J].气象,2008,34(11):7-14.[WANG Minzhong,WEI Wenshou,HE Qing,et al.Contrast analysis on microclimate characteristic of clear day and sand-dust day in Tazhong station of desert hinterland of South Xinjiang in summer[J].Meteorological Monthly,2008,34(11):7-14.] [4]刘立忠.南京地区贴地逆温的天气气候特征[J].气象科学,1985,(2):69-76.[LIU Lizhong.Synoptic and climatic characteristics of the surface inversion in Nanjing region[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,1985,(2):69-76.] [5]何永晴,赵玉成,冯蜀青.西宁市逆温特征及其与空气污染物浓度的相关分析[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(3):608-613.[HE Yongqing,ZHAO Yucheng,FENG Shuqing.Temperature inversion in Xining City:Characteristics and correlation with air pollutant concentrations[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2014,36(3):608-613.] [6]程刚,高志球,郑友飞,等.北极低空急流和低层逆温特征观测分析[J].气候与环境研究,2013,18(1):23-31.[CHENG Gang,GAO Zhiqiu,ZHENG Youfei,et al.A study on lowlevel jets and temperature inversion over the arctic ocean by using SHEBA data[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2013,18(1):23-31.] [7]王晓明,云天,张志勇,等.吉林省冬季逆温天气特征分析[J].气象,2009,35(8):91-97.[WANG Xiaoming,YUN Tian,ZHANG Zhiyong,et al.Analysis on synoptic and climate features of temperature inversion under different conditions of geographical environment in winter[J].Meteorological Monthly,2009,35(8):91-97.] [8]汤愁苍,王敬香,张建.利用冬季0.8米地温距平场预报春季降水场的初步方法[J].高原气象,1987,6(3):244-255.[TANG Choucang,WANG Jingxiang,ZHANG Jian.A primary method for predicting the spring rainfall by the winter soil temperature depth 80 cm[J].Plateau Meteorology,1987,6(3):244-255.] [9]姚玉璧,肖国举,王润元,等.近50年来西北半干旱区气候变化特征[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(2):159-165.[YAO Yubi,XIAO Guoju,WANG Runyuan,et al.Climate changes of semi-arid region over the Northwest China in recent 50 a[J].Arid Land Geography,2009,32(2):159-165.] [10] 张强,卫国安,黄荣辉.绿洲对其邻近荒漠水分循环的影响——敦煌试验数据分析[J].自然科学进展,2002,12(2):60-65.[ZHANG Qiang,WEI Guoan,HUANG Ronghui.Influence of oasis on water cycle in adjacent desertanalysis on Dunhuang experimental data[J].Progress in Natural Science,2002,12(2):60-65.] [11] 张凯,张强,王润元,等.绿洲荒漠过渡带夏季晴天地表辐射和能量平衡及小气候特征[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(6):1055-1061.[ZHANG Kai,ZHANG Qiang,WANG Runyuan,et al.Characteristics of surface radiation and energy balance as well microclimate within oasisdesert ecotone of Zhangye on typical clear days in summer[J].Journal of Desert Research,2007,27(6):1055-1061.] [12] 范丽红,格丽玛,何清,等.绿洲—过渡带—荒漠气候特征日变化分析[J].新疆农业大学学报,2006,29(1):5-9.[FAN Lihong,GE Lima,HE Qing,et al.Analysis on daily change of climate characteristics about oasis intermediate belt-desert[J].Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University,2006,29(1):5-9.] [13] 曾佳,郭峰,赵灿,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘小绿洲近50 a来气候变化特征[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(5):948-957.[ZENG Jia,GUO Feng,ZHAO Can,et al.Climate change of small oases in the southern margin of Taklimakan Desert in recent 50 years[J].Arid Land Geography,2014,37(5):948-957.] [14] 陈世强,吕世华,奥银焕,等.绿洲沙漠边缘拟湿的数值模拟[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(2):277-281.[CHEN Shiqiang,LYU Shihua,AO Yinhuan,et al.Numerical study of inverse humidity over the marginal zone between oasis and desert[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,26(2):277-281.] [15] 郑玉萍,李景林,刘增强,等.乌鲁木齐冬季大雾与低空逆温的关系[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2007,1(3):21-25.[ZHENG Yuping,LI Jinglin,LIU Zengqiang,et al.The relation between heavy fog and low temperature inversion in winter in Urumqi[J].Desert and Oasis Meteorology,2007,1(3):21-25.] [16] 曹雪梅,雷延鹏,王鹏,等.洛川近地面夜间气温逆温特征及空气扰动防霜可行性分析[J].农学学报,2016,6(5):82-86.[CAO Xuemei,LEI Yanpeng,WANG Peng,et al.Feasibility analysis of frost protection and characteristics of nighttime inversion on the surface layer of Luochuan County[J].Journal of Agriculture,2016,6(5):82-86.] [17]毛东雷,雷加强,李生宇,等.策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带小气候的空间差异[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(5):1501-1510.[MAO Donglei,LEI Jiaqiang,LI Shengyu,et al.Spatial difference of microclimate in the oasisdesert ecotone in Cele,Xinjiang,China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(5):1501-1510.] [18]王惠,赵文智,常学向.黑河中游荒漠绿洲过渡带土壤水分与植被空间变异[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):1731-1739.[WANG Hui,ZHAO Wenzhi,CHANG Xuexiang.Spatial variability of soil moisture and vegetation in in desert-oasis ecotone in the middle reaches of Heihe River Basin[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(5):1731-1739.] [19]杨佐涛.戈壁与绿洲内的风向风速关系——以新疆策勒县为例[J].中国沙漠,1990,10(3):36-42.[YANG Zuotao.Relations between wind velocity and direction in gobi area and oasis[J].Journal of Desert Research,1990,10(3):36-42.] [20]王翠,李生宇,雷加强,等.近地表风沙结构对过渡带不同下垫面的响应[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):52-56,71.[WANG Cui,LI Shengyu,LEI Jiaqiang,et al.Nearsurface sand flux structure responses to different underlying surface in oasisdesert ecotone[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,28(3):52-56,71.] [21]邢文娟,雷加强,王海峰,等.荒漠—绿洲过渡带风况及输沙势分析——以策勒县为例[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(6):894-898.[XING Wenjuan,LEI Jiaqiang,WANG Haifeng,et al.Analysis on wind regime and wind borne sand potential in a desertoasis ecotone:A case study in Qira County,Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research,2008,25(6):894-898.] [22]刘树华,辛国君,陈荷生,等.沙漠人工植被和流动沙丘的小气候特征观测研究[J].干旱区地理,1994,17(1):16-23.[LIU Shuhua,XIN Guojun,CHEN Hesheng,et al.Study on microclimate on the artificial vegetation over sand dunes in Shapotou area[J].Arid Land Geography,1994,17(1):16-23.] [23]吕世华,尚伦宇.金塔绿洲风场与温湿场特征的数值模拟[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(5):623-628.[LYU Shihua,SHANG Lunyu.Numerical simulation of characteristics of wind field,air temperature and humidity in Jinta Oasis,Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(5):623-628.] [24]左洪超,吕世华,胡隐樵,等.非均匀下垫面边界层的观测和数值模拟研究(Ⅰ):冷岛效应和逆湿现象的完整物理图像[J].高原气象,2004,23(2):155-162.[ZUO Hongchao,LYU Shihua,HU Yinqiao,et al.Observation and numerical simulation of heterogenous underlying surface boundary layer (Ⅰ):The whole physical picture of cold island effect and inverse humidity[J].Plateau Meteorology,2004,23(2):155-162.] [25]左洪超,吕世华,胡隐樵,等.非均匀下垫面边界层的观测和数值模拟研究(Ⅱ):逆湿现象数值模拟研究[J].高原气象,2004,23(2):163-170.[ZUO Hongchao,LYU Shihua,HU Yinqiao,et al.Observation and numerical simulation of heterogenous underlying surface boundary layer (Ⅱ):numerical simulation of inverse humidity phenomenon[J].Plateau Meteorology,2004,23(2):163-170.] [26]张强,胡隐樵.干旱区的绿洲效应[J].自然杂志,2001,23(4):234-236.[ZHANG Qiang,HU Yinqiao.Oasis effect in arid regions[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2001,23(4):234-236.]
文章导航

/