劳动力转移的行为和经历对贫困农（牧）户的生计产生了并继续产生着复杂而深远的影响，并构成了留守家庭成员进行新的生计选择的背景和前提条件。在资本变动和要素约束下，西部民族地区农（牧）户进行着不同的生产决策，并形成不同类型的生计策略。以甘南牧区为例，通过解析劳动力转移的特征变量，总结典型的劳动力转移农（牧）户家庭主要的生计策略模式，揭示了甘南牧区劳动力转移对留守农（牧）户生计策略选择的作用关系，并得出相应的结论。结果表明：转移劳动力文化水平、劳动力转移的外出时间、务工去向与转移劳动力工种类型在一定程度上影响了留守农（牧）户生计策略的选择。这可为西部民族地区政府部门制定科学、合理、可持续的劳动力资源利用政策，促进当地农（牧）户生计的可持续发展提供参考依据。
The behavior and experience of labor transfer has produced complex and profound impact on the means of livelihood of poor farmers or herdsman,which constitutes the background and prerequisites for left-behind households in selecting new livelihood strategies.With a background of capital change and factors constraints,farmers and herdsmen have conducted different production decisions and formed different types of livelihood strategies in the western ethnic region which is the ecologically vulnerable area.Traditionally,farmers and herdsmen in this region conduct single livelihood approach based on animal husbandry,which leads to great instability on livelihood of farmers.After taking Gannan pastoral area,Gansu Province,China,as an example and analyzing characteristic variables with labor transferring and summarizing typical livelihood strategy modes for transferring households,this paper quantitatively measures the influential mechanism of transferring on the selection of livelihood strategies and draws relevant conclusions by use of Multiple Logistic Regression model.The results showed that the educational level of migrant labor force,the period and orientation of migration and type of work have influenced the choice of livelihood strategies for the left-behind farmers and herdsmen.In general the higher educational level of the migrant labor force is,the easier it is to use strategy of "non-agricultural and self-employed" instead of "livestock breeding".The longer they've been out doing the migrant work,the easier it is for them to use ‘livestock breeding’ and ‘economic crop cultivation’ instead of ‘non-agricultural and self-employed’ to make a living.If the transfer of labor is happened in Gannan territory,left-behind farmers and herdsmen tend to choose ‘animal husbandry’ as their livelihood source;If the transfer of labor force is happened out of Gannan territory,left-behind farmers and herdsmen tend to choose ‘non-agricultural and self-employed’.The type of transferring for migrant labor is a significant factor determining the choice of ‘non-agricultural and self-employed’.That is to say,the labor are more prone to conduct in construction and service industry,left-behind farmers and herdsmen are less likely to use ‘non-agricultural and self-employed’ to survive.It could provide reference to formulate scientific,reasonable and sustainable labor-resources usage policy and to promote sustainable development of livelihood for farmers in western ethnic areas.
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