随着跨域公共事务频现对于政府治理结构及其治理能力提出新的挑战，构建跨域府际合作逐渐成为流域治理等公共问题的必然选择。现有研究主要以湿润地区流域府际合作为研究对象，对干旱地区流域治理的研究较为匮乏。以新疆南疆地区喀什噶尔河流域治理中的府际合作网络为研究对象，运用社会网络分析方法，对流域2018—2022年5 a的阶段网络和整体网络进行研究，以廓清喀什噶尔河流域府际合作网络的演进逻辑、整体性特征和府际合作网络结构的底层逻辑。结果表明：（1） 喀什噶尔河流域治理已形成相对稳定的多主体府际合作网络。流域治理逐渐呈现多元协同的治理趋势，涉水部门间的合作不断加深，逐渐将生态环境局等相关部门纳入府际合作框架之中。（2） 喀什噶尔河流域治理呈现“核心-外围”式府际合作网络结构。流域治理仍以流域管理机构和水利部门为核心主体，通过横向辐射，带动多部门协同行动。（3） 纵向权力形塑喀什噶尔河流域府际合作结构。促进流域地方政府突破制度惰性和部门割裂，推动跨部门合作的有效执行。

The increasing prevalence of cross-domain public affairs presents new challenges to government structures and governance capacity. In this context, building cross-domain intergovernmental cooperation has become essential for addressing public issues like river basin governance. While existing research has mainly focused on intergovernmental cooperation in watersheds of humid areas, studies on watershed management in arid regions remain scarce. To address this gap, this study examines the cooperative network in river basin governance formed by the government and local governments of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China in the Kashgar River Basin. Using social network analysis, we explore the evolution, structure, and internal dynamics of this cooperative network, analyzing the forms, characteristics, and results of intergovernmental cooperation in river basin governance. Data was collected from the regulations and policies on Kashgar River Basin governance published by the official websites of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region government and local governments, focusing on intergovernmental cooperation documents for the social network analysis. The findings reveal the following: (1) The Kashgar River Basin governance has developed a stable, multi-agent intergovernmental cooperation network. River basin governance is increasingly characterized by multi-coordination, with deepening cooperation among water-related departments and the inclusion of ecological and other related departments. (2) The governance structure of the Kashgar River Basin follows a “core-periphery” model, where river basin management institutions and water conservancy departments hold core positions, driving multisectoral coordinated actions through horizontal collaboration. (3) Vertical power dynamics shape the intergovernmental cooperation structure, encouraging local governments in the basin to overcome institutional inertia and departmental silos, fostering effective cross-sectoral cooperation. This study offers valuable insights for optimizing intergovernmental governance structures in river basins and exploring ways to achieve regional win-win outcomes in river basin management in arid regions.