冷凉气候是支撑西北山区农业转型和培育特色经济的重要资源，冷凉区农业综合开发能够有效促进甘肃省发挥区位比较优势，推进农业高质量发展。在论述大食物观背景下冷凉型农业资源的战略意义基础上构建甘肃省冷凉区开发理论框架，根据自然指标叠置分析识别省内冷凉气候的优势区域空间指向，采用K-means聚类方法，对甘肃省冷凉区范围内169249个1 km精度的格网进行农业功能类型分区。结果表明：（1） 甘肃省冷凉区面积约1.69×10⁵ km²，约占全省土地面积41.97%，分布在12市（自治州）、68县（区）、1034乡（镇），其冷凉型农业以畜牧业和种植业为主，特色林业面积较小。（2） 冷凉区可划分为7种农业发展类型，分别为北山荒漠高寒牧业区、祁连山地旱寒牧业区、黄土高原旱凉牧业区、甘南高原湿冷牧业区、河西走廊温凉耕作区、陇中山地温凉农牧区、陇南山地湿冷农林牧区，其中牧业4类，种植业1类，农牧混合型2类。（3） 根据1 km格网单元统计，冷凉型牧业、种植业、混合型农业分别占比56.22%、16.30%和27.49%；而在行政单元尺度，可发展三大类农业类型的占比较为平均，均为30%左右的乡镇和区县数量。

The cold climate of the mountainous areas of northwest China is a vital resource for transforming agriculture and developing a characteristic agricultural economy. In particular, Gansu Province has emerged as an area where the strategic utilization of cold and cool climatic conditions significantly contributes to high-quality advances in agriculture. This study, guided by the holistic “Greater Food” perspective, aims to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework for enhancing the cold and cool-climate agricultural practices in Gansu Province. A robust methodological approach was adopted to identify regions suitable for cold-climate agriculture. This approach integrates eight categories of natural indicators and analyzes their spatial overlap to identify regions in Gansu Province that offer suitable cool climate conditions. For further refining the analysis, K-means clustering was applied to classify 169249 fishing nets, each with 1 km precision, to delineate specific agricultural function zones within these cool areas. This meticulous analysis revealed that the cold and cool regions in Gansu Province together cover an area of approximately 1.69×10⁵ km², which constitutes about 41.97% of the total land area of the province. These regions are distributed across 12 cities (autonomous prefectures), 68 counties (districts), and 1034 townships. The agricultural activities in these areas are predominantly focused on animal husbandry and plantation, with limited forestry practices, highlighting the potential of this region for specialized agricultural development. These cold and cool areas were further categorized into seven types of agricultural development zones: the alpine pastoral area of the Beishan Desert, the dry and cold pastoral area of the Qilian Mountains, the dry and cold pastoral area of the Loess Plateau, the wet and cold pastoral area of the Gannan Plateau, the warm and cold cultivation area of the Hexi Corridor, the warm and cold agricultural and animal husbandry area of the Longzhong Mountain, and the wet and cold agricultural, forestry, and animal husbandry area of the Longnan Mountain. Among these zones, four are primarily dedicated to pastoral activities, one is primarily used for farming, and two support a mix of agricultural and animal husbandry practices. The statistical analysis based on 1 km fishing net units revealed that cool pastoralism dominates 56.22% of the land use, while plantation agriculture and mixed agriculture account for 16.30% and 27.49%, respectively. On an administrative unit scale, the distribution of these agricultural types is more balanced, with each representing around 30% of the townships and districts. In conclusion, the development of cold- and cool-climate agriculture in Gansu Province presents a strategic opportunity to leverage regional comparative advantages. Effective utilization of these areas can enhance agricultural productivity, promote sustainable land use practices, and foster economic growth in the mountainous regions in Gansu Province. This comprehensive zoning analysis provides a foundational framework for policymakers and stakeholders to implement targeted agricultural strategies, maximizing the benefits of cold-climate agriculture and driving the high-quality development of agriculture in the province.