中国包容性旅游发展评估及空间格局研究——基于287个城市面板数据
收稿日期: 2023-03-24
修回日期: 2023-06-04
网络出版日期: 2024-01-26
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42271185);贵州省社科重大课题(21GZZB28)
Assessment and spatial pattern of inclusive tourism development in China: Based on panel data of 287 cities
Received date: 2023-03-24
Revised date: 2023-06-04
Online published: 2024-01-26
旅游业的包容性发展对促进机会平等、平等发展和成果共享具有重要作用。以全国287个城市为研究对象，基于2010—2019年面板数据构建了综合评价指标体系，综合应用熵值法、灰色关联度和空间分析等方法对中国包容性旅游发展水平进行评估，揭示空间分布特征及演变趋势，并测度影响因素。结果表明：（1） 中国包容性旅游发展水平存在显著空间差异，由带状分布逐渐过渡到块状分布，最后形成点状分布。城市间包容性旅游发展差异不断扩大，空间极化现象加剧，不平衡发展问题凸显。（2） 中国包容性旅游发展水平可以划分为欠发展地区、低度发展地区、中度发展地区、高度发展地区4种类型，包容性旅游高度发展地区主要集中于东部地区。（3） 中国包容性旅游发展可分为2010—2014年缓慢增长和2015—2019年快速增长2个阶段。（4） 城镇登记失业率、星级酒店数量和人均公园绿地面积是影响中国包容性旅游发展空间格局的主要因素，空气质量状况和第三产业占地区生产总值比重是次要因素。研究结果可为优化中国包容性旅游空间布局、助推旅游业包容性发展提供参考依据。
王瑞 , 郭荔 , 戴俊骋 , 程哲 . 中国包容性旅游发展评估及空间格局研究——基于287个城市面板数据[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024 , 47(1) : 127 -136 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2023.133
The development of inclusive tourism plays a crucial role in promoting social justice, protecting the rights and interests of vulnerable groups, and ensuring equitable benefits from tourism, particularly in developing countries. However, existing studies lack quantitative assessments of inclusive tourism development at the country and regional levels. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation system of inclusive tourism development was constructed, consisting of nine indicators across three dimensions: tourism participants, economic inclusiveness, and resources and environment. Based on panel data from 2010 to 2019 and applying the entropy method, the inclusive tourism development level of 287 cities in China was assessed in this study. Spatial analysis methods were employed to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and evolution trends of inclusive tourism. Furthermore, the gray correlation degree method was used to identify the factors influencing inclusive tourism development in China. The results are as follows: (1) Significant spatial differences exist in inclusive tourism development in China, transitioning from zonal to clustered distributions, and finally forming a point-like distribution. The disparity in inclusive tourism development has widened, spatial polarization has intensified, and unbalanced development has become prominent. (2) Inclusion tourism development in China can be divided into four types: underdeveloped, low-development, medium-development, and highly developed areas. The highly developed areas of inclusive tourism are mainly concentrated in the eastern region. (3) The level of inclusive tourism development in China shows a “W-shaped” trend of fluctuation and rise, with increasing spatial differences. It can be divided into two stages: slow growth from 2010 to 2014 and rapid growth from 2015 to 2019. (4) The urban registered unemployment rate, the number of star-rated hotels, and the per capita green park area are the major factors affecting the spatial pattern of inclusive tourism development in China, while air quality and the proportion of tertiary industry in the GDP are secondary factors. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the spatial distribution of inclusive tourism development in China. It contributes to enriching the global knowledge system of inclusive tourism development and aids scholars and practitioners in gaining a deeper understanding of inclusive tourism development in China.
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