以敦煌市为例，从居民观念认同和感知的视角构建结构方程模型，探讨敦煌市城市全球化的影响因子和作用路径，并结合改革开放以来敦煌市的全球化表现，分析文化旅游导向的中国内陆城市的“反向”全球化路径。结果表明：（1） 本地居民全球化观念认同正向促进了敦煌市城市全球化过程。对外交往与合作对敦煌市城市全球化发展的推动是通过提升城市文化旅游资源全球影响力间接实现的，机构交流合作与学术讨论可以显著提升城市旅游知名度。城市景观与国际接轨可以促进敦煌市日益融入国际旅游网络。（2） 敦煌市城市转型与全球化发展可分为3个阶段，第一阶段在境外游客参观访问产生的市场需求推动下，实现由传统农业县向文化旅游城市转型;第二阶段形成了以文化旅游产业为支柱的城市经济发展模式，并加速完善和提升城市基础设施和服务设施;第三阶段由现代文化旅游城市向“国际交流中心”“国际一流旅游目的地”转型，持续深化文旅产业融合，加强全球目标市场开拓。（3） 受市场力量驱动和政府宏观政策调控影响，敦煌市旅游要素时空演化具有明显的阶段性、不平衡性和非均衡性。研究结果可为此类城市突破“路径锁定”，科学制定全球化战略提供参考，是关系到我国崛起与全方位开放的重大科学问题。

The globalized image of a tourism city is based on residential identity and environmental perception under globalization. This study combs through the evolution process and characteristics of Dunhuang’s transformation from a localized city to a globalized city based on tourism since the start of the country’s reform and opening up policy, and tries to conclude the “reverse” globalization path based on cultural tourism that breaks through the traditional linear industrial transformation mode, in which states transform from agricultural to industrial, and then to the service industry. The results show the following: (1) The willingness of local residents to accept and adapt to foreign cultures, mindsets, and lifestyles promoted the globalization of Dunhuang City; the promotion of the globalization of Dunhuang City through international exchange and communication is indirectly achieved by enhancing the international visibility and influence of cultural tourism resources and promoting economic development through conferences; the globalization of the urban landscape and communication contributes to the globalization of cultural communication because the outstanding location of Dunhuang City, which is deep inland of western China, greatly promotes the cultural exchange and cooperation among cities; the path coefficient of urban landscape globalization perception on the tourism city brand globalization perception indicates that urban planning and the development of infrastructure and tourism service facilities can increase the visibility of Dunhuang City as an international tourism city and contribute to its integration into the international tourism network. (2) This study analyzes the driving mechanism of Dunhuang’s globalization from four behavioral aspects: the government, residents, foreign tourists, and academic institutions. From the development process of Dunhuang’s globalization, it can be seen that its globalization origins are from the opening of the city’s tourism and international cultural communication by promoting the city’s world heritage characteristics and having global tourism visits, receptions, and other city diplomacy events. Subsequently, Dunhuang’s international tourism drives the city’s construction and transformation, the related infrastructure and services continue to be modernized and internationalized, and a combination of foreign exchanges and tourism promotion meetings continues to broaden the city’s source market and improve the stability of the tourism market. Finally, Dunhuang’s urban transformation and cultural landscape feeds back into the city’s tourism and global marketing. This globalization process can be broadly divided into three phases: rapid start, stable development, and reform and development. The transformation and globalization of Dunhuang City can be divided into three phases: (1) transformation from a traditional agricultural county to a cultural tourism city, driven by the market demand generated by overseas tourist visits; (2) formation of an economic development model, which is underpinned by the cultural tourism industry and accelerates the construction and upgrade of urban infrastructure; (3) promotion of the transformation from a modern cultural tourism city to an “international exchange center” and “top international tourism center”, with deepening integration of cultural tourism industries and strengthening of the development of global target markets. The elements of globalization in Dunhuang City are spatially expressed as driven by market forces and influenced by government macropolicy regulation, and that the spatiotemporal evolution of tourism elements has obvious stages, imbalances, and unevenness.