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2022 , Vol. 45 >Issue 4: 1022 - 1031

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.452

气候与水文

黄河上游近60 a径流量与降水量变化特征研究

  • 成艺 ,
  • 武兰珍 ,
  • 刘峰贵 ,
  • 沈彦俊
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  • 1.青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海 西宁 810008
    2.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北 石家庄 050022
    3.甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
成艺（1993-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事生态水文等方面的研究. E-mail: chengyi@sjziam.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2021-10-07

  修回日期: 2021-12-27

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

国家自然科学基金重大专项(42041007-02);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2020C-39);甘肃省水利厅水资源费项目(2021-105)

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Changes of runoff and precipitation in the upstream of Yellow River during the past 60 years

  • Yi CHENG ,
  • Lanzhen WU ,
  • Fenggui LIU ,
  • Yanjun SHEN
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  • 1. College of Geosciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
    2. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, Hebei, China
    3. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China

Received date: 2021-10-07

  Revised date: 2021-12-27

  Online published: 2022-08-11

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摘要

为探究黄河上游径流量与降水量变化特征,基于唐乃亥、下河沿、头道拐3个水文站近60 a的降水量、径流量资料,采用线性倾向趋势检验、Mann-Kendall检验法（M-K趋势检验）、Spearman秩次相关检验、M-K突变检验、Pettitt非参数检验、有序聚类分析、累积距平法、双累积曲线等分析方法对比研究了黄河上游及上游不同子区域降水量和径流量的变化特征,并讨论了径流量对降水量的响应关系。结果表明：黄河上游降水量呈不显著增加趋势,在2003年发生突变,突变前后变化率为4.67%;径流量呈显著减少趋势,突变年份为1986年,突变前后变化率为35.34%。3个子区域年降水量变化趋势分别呈显著增加、不显著增加和显著减少趋势,径流量均呈减少趋势。以唐乃亥以上的Ⅰ区为基准区时,唐乃亥—下河沿所在的Ⅱ区降水量因素对径流量的影响达到25.08%,非降水量因素为74.92%,而下河沿—头道拐的Ⅲ区,降水量对径流量的影响为32.14%,非降水量因素为67.86%。研究结果对黄河流域水资源综合管理与科学配置具有参考意义。

关键词： 黄河上游及分区; 径流量; 降水量; 变化特征; 响应关系

本文引用格式

成艺 , 武兰珍 , 刘峰贵 , 沈彦俊 . 黄河上游近60 a径流量与降水量变化特征研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022 , 45(4) : 1022 -1031 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.452

Abstract

In this research, linear trend test, M-K trend test, Spearman’s rank correlation test, M-K test, Pettitt’s nonparametric test, orderly clustering analysis, the cumulative departure method, and the double-mass curve were applied to study the precipitation and runoff variation characteristics of upstream of the Yellow River, China. Further, the relationship between runoff and precipitation is discussed. Results show an insignificant increasing trend in rainfall in the upstream of the Yellow River, while runoff exhibits a distinct decreasing trend. Both precipitation and runoff present a significant deflection point, whose change rate between before and after is 4.67% (2003) and 35.34% (1986), respectively. For the three subregions, subregion I: above Tangnaihai station, subregion II: from Tangnaihai to Xiaheyan, and subregion III: from Xiaheyan to Toudaoguai, rainfall presents a significant increasing trend, an insignificant increasing trend, and a significant decreasing trend. However, runoff, for all subregions, exhibits a significant decreasing trend. With subregion I taken as the baseline, the relative impact of precipitation on runoff in subregion II is 25.08%. Consequently, the nonprecipitation factors account for 74.92%. Similarly, the percentage for subregion III is 32.14% and 67.86%, respectively. This research will offer theoretical references for water resource management and planning.

Key words： the upstream of Yellow River and its regions; runoff; precipitation; variation characteristics; response relationship

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