塔里木河干流水资源分配现状及其利用问题

干旱区地理 ›› 2018, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 248-254.

• 塔里木河流域水资源研究专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

塔里木河干流水资源分配现状及其利用问题

张小清¹, 桂东伟^1,2,3, 李丽君¹

1. 新疆塔里木河流域干流管理局, 新疆库尔勒 841000;
2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830001;
3. 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观察研究站, 新疆策勒 848300

收稿日期:2017-12-21 修回日期:2018-03-20 出版日期:2018-03-25
通讯作者: 桂东伟(1977-),男,博士,研究员,主要从事绿洲生态水文研究.E-mail:guidwei@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:张小清(1986-),女,工程师,学士,主要从事干流水量调度工作.E-mail:362637320@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（U1603343）；中国科学院特色所项目（TSS-2015-014-FW-5-3）

Water resources allocation along the mainstream of Tarim River

ZHANG Xiao-qing¹, GUI Dong-wei^1,2,3, LI Li-jun¹

1. Administration of Mainstream of Tarim River Basin, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China;
2. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
3. Cele National Station of Observation & Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China

Received:2017-12-21 Revised:2018-03-20 Online:2018-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于塔里木河干流1957—2017年阿拉尔断面、英巴扎断面、恰拉断面来水量特征，首先初步分析塔里木河干流上、中、下游的耗水特征，并基于干流断流和生态输水时间节点，进一步分析1957—1972年、1973—2000年、2001—2017年上中下游各区间段耗水特征，根据这些历史数据变化，从管理角度判别上中下游较为合理的水量分配策略；其次，重点指出塔里木河干流在明确定位为生态河流背景下，未来水量调配精细化管理面临的主要三大基础性问题：灌区耕地面积不清、生态和农业用水量不清、水文数据存在偏差等，并指出问题产生的原因背景，以及从流域水资源管理体制机制上给出相关解决的建议。明确认识到目前塔里木河干流水资源分配利用存在的问题，是未来解决好流域生态环境的关键，通过这些问题的探讨藉此引起更多理性关注，对未来推动塔里木河流域生态环境改善的精细化管理具有重要意义。

关键词: 塔里木河干流, 水量分配, 耕地面积, 生态用水, 生态河流

Abstract: On the insights of the water volume characteristics of the Alar,Ying Baza and Qiala river sections on the mainstream of Tarim River from 1957 to 2017,the paper first analyzed the water consumption characteristics of the upper,middle and the lower reaches of the mainstream.Then according to the timeline of river sections and water transport,the water consumption characteristics were further probed in three periods(from 1957 to 1972,from 1973 to 2000,from 2001 to 2017). From the view of the macro-management, a reasonable water resources allocation strategy for the upper,middle and the lower reaches of the mainstream was put forth based on the change of those historical data.Besides,on the fact that the mainstream of the Tarim River has been set as the ecological river explicitly by the government of Xinjiang,the paper proposed three fundamental problems in the delicacy management of water resources allocation of the mainstream in the future, which are the uncertainty of the cultivated area,the uncertainty of the ecological and agricultural water consumption,and the deviation of the hydrological data; and pointed out the background and the reasons of those problems.Furthermore,the solutions of those problems were suggested in accordance with water resource management of river basin.The paper also pointed out that to have a clear sense of the current problems is the key to improve the ecology and environment of the river basin.The discussion of the issues could arouse more rational attention to drive the improvement of delicacy management for the ecology and environment of the Tarim River Basin.

Key words: mainstream of Tarim River, water resource allocation, cultivated area, ecological water consumption, ecological river

中图分类号:

TV213

张小清, 桂东伟, 李丽君. 塔里木河干流水资源分配现状及其利用问题[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(2): 248-254.

ZHANG Xiao-qing, GUI Dong-wei, LI Li-jun. Water resources allocation along the mainstream of Tarim River[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(2): 248-254.

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