关键词: 基质, 矿化, 生物酶, 协同效应

Abstract: In the northwest of the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China where is mostly gobi desert, it is difficult to develop Greenhouse Crops due to the soil and its salinity conditions. This paper aims to study the synergistic effect of the mineralization characteristics and biochemical traits of substrate, and explore the release characteristics of nutrient, so as to provide a theory for the reasonable application of substrate in solar greenhouse production. It has been reported that different formula substrates of the pre-screening (T1:turf:straw:cow dung:vermiculite=2:2:4:2; T2:turf:straw:Chicken manure:vermiculite=5:2:2:1; T3:turf:straw:sheep manure:vermiculite=3:2:3:2)were used as materials. According to a certain temperature and moisture content, they were cultivated for 180 days, and changes of nutrient content and biochemical characteristics were measured every 30 days. The results show that the mineralization characteristics and biochemical properties of three kinds of substrates were different. Generally, the dynamic changes of the amount and the rate of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate mineralization were significantly different. At the end of incubation, T3 net organic carbon mineralization was 41.9%, 22.2% higher than that of T1 and T2, having the highest amounts and rates of carbon mineralization, but the lowest residual quantities; while T1 is on the opposite. Inorganic nitrogen amount of T3 was the highest, the net nitrogen mineralization of T3 was 25.8%, 71.8% higher than that of T1 and T2; the net amounts and the rates of mineralization of T3 were higher than the other treatments, nitrogen retention rate was the highest, while T2 is on the opposite. The amount and residual rate of organic phosphate of T1 were the lowest, organic phosphate mineralization rate of T1 was lower than the others, while T3 is on the opposite. The variations of polyphenol oxidase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and protease of T3 were the biggest in the period of cultivation, T1 were the lowest. Different proportions of ingredients and different matrix lead to different mineralization characteristics and biological properties. The selected material and proportion of T3 can give full play to the promoting effect, meaning that it can provide more abundant carbon sources and growth material, make higher enzyme activity, accelerate the mineralization rate, and increase the amount of carbon and nitrogen mineralization. The material and proportion of T1 can strengthen the mineralization of organic phosphorus and promote the quantity of phosphate rock. It is obvious that T3 is better than T1 and T2 in providing carbon, nitrogen; while T1 is stronger than the other two in providing phosphorus. T3 is a matrix formulation suitable for non-arable land. This experiment makes clear the collaborative relationship between the mineralization characteristics of the special matrix within six consecutive months in an appropriate non-cultivated land greenhouse and the microbial enzyme activity, reveals the main nutrient substrate change law and mechanism, and selects the optimum matrix formulation of cataplasm which is suitable for Non cultivated land.

Key words: substrate, mineralization, enzyme, synergistic effects