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干旱区地理 ›› 2016, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 944-950.

• 丝绸之路经济带中国-哈萨克斯坦国际合作专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

丝绸之路经济带中国-哈萨克斯坦国际合作示范区高端制造产业选择与园区建设模式

马海涛, 张蔷, 刘海猛   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-23 修回日期:2016-06-17 出版日期:2016-09-25
  • 作者简介:马海涛(1979-),男,山东滕州人,副研究员,研究方向:城市地理与经济地理.Email:maht@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院国际合作重点项目“丝绸之路经济带中哈国际合作示范区建设思路研究”(编号131A11KYSB20150031);中国科学院重点部署项目“一带一路”典型区域地缘环境系统演化模拟研究(编号ZDRW-ZS-2016-6-2)资助

High-tech industry selection and park construction mode of Sino-Kazakhstan International Cooperation Demonstration Zone in Silk Road Economic Belt

MA Hai-tao, ZHANG Qiang, LIU Hai-meng   

  1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2016-04-23 Revised:2016-06-17 Online:2016-09-25

摘要: 在国家积极推动“一带一路”战略和大力发展对外产业合作的宏观背景下,国际合作示范区的产业选择与园区建设模式问题成为了当前亟需加强研究的话题,这关系到国际合作示范区能否成功与健康发展。通过对中哈国际合作示范区涉及国家间的资源、产业、需求的互补性分析和塔城地区工业分行业的竞争力分析,选择了重点培育的五个高端制造业,分别为绿色食品精深加工业、现代生物医药产业、高端装备制造业、新能源与节能环保产业和稀贵矿产品精深加工业,提出了每种高端制造业类型的主要合作内容和方向,并总结了核心园区、异地合作、辐射带动和跨境合作四种国际合作产业园区的建设模式。值得强调的是国际合作示范区的产业发展涉及到两个以上国家,不能用国内通用的政策措施应对不同类型合作区的发展问题,需要加强研究针对不同合作国家的合作示范区产业推进政策,以确保国际合作示范区顺利开展。也为国内其他边境国际合作示范区的产业发展和园区建设提供参考思路。

关键词: 丝绸之路经济带, 中哈国际合作示范区, 产业选择, 建设模式

Abstract: China is actively promoting "the Belt and Road" strategy and vigorously developing international industrial cooperation,and the construction of the International Cooperation Demonstration Zone(ICDZ) has become the research topic of the Chinese government and scholars. However,how to scientifically and rationally choose the industrial type of ICDZ? What kind of construction mode should be adopted by the ICDZ? How to distinguish the development concept between ICDZ and the domestic industrial parks? The current research is still in shortage,which is insufficient to support the healthy development of ICDZ. Taking the China-Kazakhstan ICDZ in Tacheng area as an example,which is the key geopolitical strategic node on the north channel of the Silk Road Economic Belt,and by government departments interviews and on-the-spot investigations,this paper took an deep insight into the international industrial cooperation situation,requirement,condition and potential of different cities and industrial parks in Tacheng; meanwhile,we have collected a lot of first-hand materials,which are the main supports of this study. The results show as follows:(1) The premise for ICDZ industrial selection is to make an in-depth analysis on the complementarities of resources,industries and requirements between related countries and the industrial competitiveness in the region. Based on the complementarity analysis between China and Central Asia,we put forward five kinds of high-tech manufacturing that China-Kazakhstan ICDZ can focus on cultivating in the future,including finishing and deep processing of green food industry,modern bio-pharmaceutical industry,high-tech equipment manufacturing industry,new energy and energy-saving environmental protection industry,and rare precious minerals finishing and deep processing industry.(2) The ICDZ cooperation mode needs to take development needs and profit distribution of multiple cooperation bodies into consideration. Through the analysis of foreign cooperation requirements in China,Kazakhstan,Tacheng area and related cities, we propose four kinds of alternative cooperation modes,including the core of the park,collaborative,radiating and cross-border cooperation.(3) The premise for ICDZ industrial development is related to political harmony and policy support between national governments. The premise for China-Kazakhstan ICDZ development is the political cooperation and tolerance between China and Kazakhstan,and it requires China to provide policy support on food supply index,loan discount,special subsidies and other aspects at the national level. The industrial development concepts between ICDZ and domestic industrial parks are greatly different. Based on the ICDZ characteristics, this paper puts forward symmetric spatial analysis framework,which takes the national boundaries as symmetry axis and fully considers the economic symmetry,political symmetry,social culture symmetry and traffic flowing. Combining with the basic advantages of the park itself,the symmetric spatial analysis framework takes industrial development into account and chooses construction mode. And it also provides a reference for the development of ICDZ in other domestic boundaries.

Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt, International Cooperation Demonstration Zone, high-tech industrial election, Park Construction Mode

中图分类号: 

  • K902