民勤荒漠区几种主要固沙植物群落的水分平衡特性

干旱区地理 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (01): 139-144.

民勤荒漠区几种主要固沙植物群落的水分平衡特性

常兆丰¹,²,³,，韩福贵²,³，仲生年¹,²,³，王强强¹,²,³,张应昌¹,²,³,汪媛艳¹,²,³

1甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外观测研究站，甘肃民勤733300； 2甘肃省荒漠化防治重点实验室，甘肃兰州730070；3甘肃省治沙研究所，甘肃兰州730070

收稿日期:2011-06-18 修回日期:2011-08-21 出版日期:2012-01-25
通讯作者: 常兆丰
作者简介:常兆丰（1957-),男,硕士,研究员,长期从事荒漠生态研究,发表论文70余篇,出版专著2部
基金资助:
国家“973”前期项目（ZIICB411912）；甘肃省科学基金项目（1010RJZA133）

Characteristics of the water balance of plant communities  in the Minqin Desert area

CHANG Zhaofeng¹,²,³,HAN Fugui¹,²,³,ZHONG Shengnian¹,²,³,WANG Qiangqiang¹,²,³, ZHANG Yingchang¹,²,³,WANG Yuanyan¹,²,³

1 Minqin National Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem Studies,Minqin 733300,Gansu,China; 2 Gasu Key Laboratory of Desertification  Combating, Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China; 3 Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China

Received:2011-06-18 Revised:2011-08-21 Online:2012-01-25
Contact: CHANG Zhaofeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究在自然状态下植物群落的自然稀疏密度、水分营养面积和耗水量等水分平衡特性，选择民勤荒漠几种典型植物群落，运用连续4 a的样方观测资料，分析了天然沙蒿、天然麻黄和人工梭梭林群落在自然降水条件下植物群落的自然稀疏密度、水分营养面积和耗水量等水分平衡特性。结果表明:天然沙蒿、天然麻黄和人工梭梭林群落在当地的自然稀疏密度相对稳定。群落中成年梭梭林的年耗水量与他人在同一地区用蒸渗仪且地下水位控制在1.4 m时测定的3 a幼苗的耗水量相当，梭梭密度较他人用降水量和蒸腾量、蒸发量推算的密度偏小。实验条件下单株植物的耗水量并不等于群落中个体的平均耗水量，在自然状态下研究得到的单株耗水量较在实验条件的下结论更为真实。植物蒸腾耗水量方面研究的真正有意义的是其在接近凋萎时的蒸腾耗水量，而不是特定供水条件下的几个特定值。

关键词: 植物群落, 植株密度, 水分营养面积, 耗水量, 民勤荒漠区

Abstract: Transpiration of plants has been one of the important issues of concern in plant physiological ecology and agricultural and forest science and related fields. In order to study the plant density by natural thinning and water nutrition area and water consumption of plant communitie in the natural state. This paper choice of several typical plant communities in the desert,and 4 years plots observations data are applied,and analyzed the characteristics of the water balance on plant communities that naturally sparse density,water nutrition area and water consumption of Artemisia arenaria, Ephedra przewalskii and Haloxylon ammodendron under the conditions of natural precipitation. The results showed as follows: natural sparse density of natural Artemisia arenaria and natural Ephedra przewalskii and artificial Haloxylon ammodendron is relatively stable in local. Water consumption of adult Haloxylon ammodendron forest is close with others in the same area with the 1.4 m water table in lysimeter and at 3 a seedlings. The density Haloxylon ammodendron is smaller than the others,with precipitation and transpiration,evaporation of the projection results. Under experimental conditions,the water consumption of a single plant does not mean the average water consumption of individuals in community. Water consumption of plant was studied in its natural state is more real than in the experimental conditions to a conclusion. Meaningful research is transpiration water consumption in the plant close to the wilting time,in respect of plant transpiration. Meaningful research is transpiration in plants close to the wilting time,in respect of plant transpiration,and not a few specific values,under certain water conditions. Artemisia arenaria, Ephedra przewalskii and Haloxylon ammodendron rely dieback to adapt to drought in rainfall is relatively low in the year. Some annual herbs will exit the community in the year is less precipitation,but they will enter the community in the the year in more precipitation. Artemisia arenaria will thrive when autumn rainfall is sufficient. However,the majority of seedlings of Artemisia arenaria natural death due to drought and winter difficult. Thus density of Artemisia arenaria,Ephedra przewalskii and Haloxylon ammodendron is relatively stable after natural thinning .

Key words: plant communitie, plant density, water nutrition area, water consumption, Minqin desert area

中图分类号:

Q945.17

常兆丰,,,，韩福贵,，仲生年,,，王强强,,,张应昌,,,汪媛艳,,. 民勤荒漠区几种主要固沙植物群落的水分平衡特性[J]. 干旱区地理, 2012, 35(01): 139-144.

CHANG Zhaofeng,,,HAN Fugui,,,ZHONG Shengnian,,,WANG Qiangqiang,,,ZHANG Yingchang,,,WANG Yuanyan,,. Characteristics of the water balance of plant communities  in the Minqin Desert area[J]. , 2012, 35(01): 139-144.

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