四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的潜在适生区预测及其与自然保护区GAP分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.292

干旱区地理 ›› 2023, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 595-603.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.292

四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的潜在适生区预测及其与自然保护区GAP分析

董子彦¹(),马乐¹,高姝晗¹,韩鹏¹,张庆^1,²(),包玉凤³

1.蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室/内蒙古大学生态与环境学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010021
2.草原生态安全省部共建协同创新中心，内蒙古呼和浩特 010021
3.内蒙古自治区通辽市水文勘测局，内蒙古通辽市 028000

收稿日期:2022-06-16 修回日期:2022-08-18 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-28
通讯作者: 张庆（1981-），男，教授，主要从事生物多样性和景观生态学等方面的研究. E-mail: qzhang82@163.com
作者简介:董子彦（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱区植被恢复等方面的研究. E-mail: dong_zi_yan@163.com
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区重大专项(2021ZD0008);国家自然科学基金(32071582);内蒙古科技计划项目(2021GG0392)

Potential habitat prediction of Tetraena mongolica and its GAP analysis with nature reserves

DONG Ziyan¹(),MA Le¹,GAO Shuhan¹,HAN Peng¹,ZHANG Qing^1,²(),BAO Yufeng³

1. School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
2. Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
3. Tongliao Hydrologic Survey Bureau, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2022-06-16 Revised:2022-08-18 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

明晰物种的潜在分布区及其与当前自然保护区的空缺，对于合理高效地开展濒危物种保护具有重要的意义。为了预测四合木（Tetraena mongolica）在当代（2020s）及未来（2060s、2100s）的分布范围，以及自然保护区对四合木的保护现状，以四合木为对象，利用最大熵模型（The maximum entropy model software，MaxEnt）结合23个环境变量预测其在内蒙古自治区西鄂尔多斯与宁夏回族自治区的潜在适生区，并与当前四合木自然保护区进行了保护空缺分析。结果表明：（1）MaxEnt模型的受试者工作特征曲线下的面积为0.977，表明预测结果准确。（2）影响四合木分布的主要环境因子是最湿月降水量，其次是最干月降水量、距道路距离、等温性、最冷季平均温度、坡度。（3）研究区内四合木当前适生面积为4717 km²；2020s—2100s四合木潜在分布区退缩，并向西北部偏移。（4）基于保护空缺分析，当前仅有14.88%四合木的适宜生境位于保护区内，大面积的四合木适生区未设立自然保护区，这些地区主要集中在内蒙古乌海市和鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗。研究结果旨在为四合木保护及其自然保护区建设提供科学指导。

关键词: 四合木, MaxEnt模型, 潜在适生区, GAP分析

Abstract:

For efficient conservation of endangered species, it is crucial to clarify the potential distribution of the species and the gap with current nature reserves. To predict the distribution of Tetraena mongolia in the present (the 2020s) and future (2060s, 2100s), and to explore the conservation gap with natural reserves，this study estimated the potential habitat of Tetraena mongolia in the western Ordos of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, China using the MaxEnt model and conducted a gap analysis between the potential habitat and current Tetraena mongolia nature reserves based on 23 environmental factors. The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve of the MaxEnt model was 0.977, indicating that the prediction was accurate. The crucial environmental factors affecting the distribution of Tetraena mongolia were precipitation of the wettest month, followed by precipitation of the driest month, distance from the road, isotherm properties, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, and slope. The current suitable area of Tetraena mongolia is 4717 km²; the potential distribution area decreased from the 2020s to the 2100s and shifted to the northwest. Presently, only 14.88% of the suitable habitats of Tetraena mongolia are located in protected areas. Large areas of suitable habitats for Tetraena mongolia have not been established as nature reserves, which are mainly concentrated in Wuhai City and Hangjinqi Banner of Ordos City. This study provides scientific guidance for the conservation of Tetraena mongolia and its natural reserve development.

Key words: Tetraena mongolica, MaxEnt model, potential distribution area, GAP analysis

董子彦, 马乐, 高姝晗, 韩鹏, 张庆, 包玉凤. 四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的潜在适生区预测及其与自然保护区GAP分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(4): 595-603.

DONG Ziyan, MA Le, GAO Shuhan, HAN Peng, ZHANG Qing, BAO Yufeng. Potential habitat prediction of Tetraena mongolica and its GAP analysis with nature reserves[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(4): 595-603.

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环境因素	环境因子	单位
气温	年平均气温	℃
	昼夜温差月均值	℃
	等温性	%
	温度季节性变化	℃
	最暖月最高气温	℃
	最冷月最低气温	℃
	温度年较差	℃
	最湿季平均气温	℃
	最干季平均气温	℃
	最暖季平均气温	℃
	最冷季平均气温	℃
降水量	年降水量	mm
	最湿月降水量	mm
	最干月降水量	mm
	降水量季节性变异系数
	最湿季降水量	mm
	最干季降水量	mm
	最暖季降水量	mm
	最冷季降水量	mm
地形	海拔	m
	坡度	(°)
	坡向
人为因素	距道路距离	m

四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的潜在适生区预测及其与自然保护区GAP分析

Potential habitat prediction of Tetraena mongolica and its GAP analysis with nature reserves

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